Permanent hair waving device



June 18, 1935. W. H. COOPER 2,005,288X

PERMANENT HAIR WAVING DEVICE Filed Dec. 10, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Its-- E INVENTOR.

WHY/Law 5% eooye r/ 7 WW ATTORNEYS.

June 18, 1935. w. H. COOPER PERMANENT HAIR WAVING DEVICE Filed Dec. 10. 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 11: 5-]. E

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Tami E INVENTOR. QWW/ia wv 3? 800594247,

BY r I I 7 ATTORNEYS.

Patented June 18, 1935 UNITED STATES rem" OFFICE.

PERMANENT HAIR WAVING DEVICE WilliarnHamilton Cooper, Buffalo, NlY. 7 Application December 10, 1932, Serial No. 646,663

14 Claims.

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in the art of hair curling devices and more particularly to a winding device used in connection with permanent waving -machines, the primary object of the invention being to pro-- vide a simple and efficient device for guiding or winding the hair on a shaft or rod prior to introduction of the hair into a heating element.

A further object of the invention resides in the provision of a winding element or guide which will evenly wind the hair on a shaft or rod and simultaneously stretch the hair evenly as the winding is accomplished.

A further object of the invention resides in the production of a winding element which is'so constructed that it will not twist the hair as the latter is wound on the shaft and will also not cut or rupture the hair in the winding operation.

A still further object ofthe invention resides in the production of an element which will save time, labor and material and which will improve the appearance of the hair materially-in the final result of waving. v

A still further objectresides in providing a device which is simple and durable in construction, inexpensive to manufacture and one which will be very efficient in operation.

With these and numerous other objects in view, my invention consists in the novel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts as will be hereinafter referred to and. more particularly pointed out in the specification and claims.

Referring to the drawings forming a part of this application: v

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a haircurling rod showing my improved winder applied thereto, a handle member therefor being disclosed in section; u

Figure 2 is a similar view showing the handle member in operative relation with the winding element on the hair'curling rod;

Figure 3 is a sectional view, partly in elevation, showing the application of my improved winding device to use, in that hair is disclosed in wrapped or wound, condition on the hair curling rod;

Figure 4 is a side elevation of the Winder removed from the hair curling rod;

Figure 5 is a vertical section therethrough;

Figure 6 is a horizontal section therethrough as seen on the line 6-45 of Figure 4, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure '7 is a similar view as seen on the line 1-1 of Figure 4, looking in the direction of the arrows; l

1 Figure 7c is a bottom plan view of the device as, illustrated inFigure 4;

Figure 7b is a horizontal sectional view as seen on the lines lb-lb of Figure 4; y Figure 8 is a schematic view illustrating the 5 winding of the hair on the shaft or hair curling rod, there being illustrated in heavy lines the action of the shoulder in this winder with rela+ tion to the hair being wound on the rod;

Figure 9 is an elevation of a further modified form of the invention; l

Figure 10 is a similar view taken at right angles thereto, looking in the directionof the arrow A;

Figure ll is a vertical section through the device positioned as in Figure 9;

Figure 1215 a front elevation of a modified form of winder;

Figure is is a view taken at right angles to Figure 12, looking in the direction of the arrow B;

Figure 14 is a view at right angles to Figure 12, looking in the direction of the arrow D; Figure 15 is a vertical longitudinal section through the device positioned ,as illustrated in Figure 12; f "'1 Figure l6is a front elevation of a furthermodilied form of the invention; Q

Figure 17 isa view thereof taken at right angles to Figure 16, lookingin the direction of the arrow E; v

Figure 18 is a vertical longitudinal section through the device in the position shown in Figure16;

Figure 19 is a. horizontal section as seen on the line I9|9 of Figure 16, looking in the direction ofthe arrows; Figure 20 is a front elevation of a similar further modified form of the invention; l

Figure 21 is a view taken at right angles thereto looking in the direction ofthe' arrow F; Figure 22 is a vertical longitudinal section therethrough in the positionas shown in Figure I 20; and f Figure 23 is a horizontal section as seen on the line 2323 of Figure 20, looking in the direction of the arrows. In describing the invention, I shall referto the drawings in which similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views and in which the numeral. 1 designates the hair curling shaft or -rod of the usual or any preferred type having thehair'locking head 2 thereon. I I Some difficulties have been encountered various methods of winding hair on a hair curling rod. In systems where hair isv wound. on a rod or shaft by hand, it becomes necessary to tie the hair to the rod and, of course, the hand operation does not permit of the hair being wound. on the shaft evenly. Furthermore, the hand method involves a slow and tedious process. On the other hand, where winding devices have been used, difiiculties have been encountered by reason of the construction of such devices. Such devices have been known to rupture or cut the hair or possiblytwist and tangle the hair as it is wound on the shaft, requiring considerable combing which materially delays the operation. With my improved winding element, these many diificulties have been entirely overcome and eliminated and it is possible through the construction of my improveddevice to accomplish the desired results efficiently even with an inexperienced operator.

My improved winding element consists of a tubular body member 3 which is adapted to be slipped on the hair curling rod or shaft I from its outer end and frictionally held thereon, as for instance through the medium of the slotted inwardly sprung end 4 or by any other means similar or analogous thereto.

, Formed integral with the lower portion of the tubular body 3 is an enlarged skirt portion 5, a portion of which forms a continuation of the outer wall of the body 3, and a portion of which is struck outwardly from the wall of the body to provide a slot 6 forming a throat portion on the device for the reception of the hair therein.

' The lower end of the tubular body 3 terminates below the upper edge of the skirt 5, but entirely within the latter and forms therein an arcuate shoulder 1, which is arranged entirely on a horizontal plane and extends aroiuid within the skirt slightly more than 180 degrees, as clearly shown in Figure 7a. of the drawings. The ex 'treme lower edge of the skirt is flared outwardly as clearly shown in Figures 4 and of the drawings, and the lower peripheral edge of this flared portion is arcuate for the greater portion of its diameter being struck on .an arc concentric with the axis of the tubular portion 3. The slot or throat portion 6 formed in the device by the one half of the skirt 5 provides an opening 8 at the lower edge of the device forming a mouth into which the hair may be fed to the throat portion. The wall of this skirt portion 5 at one side of the opening or mouth 8 is flattened as shown at S and the edge continuing from the mouth 8 adjacent the flattened portion 9 terminates short of the end of the shoulder I, said edge being designated by the numeral ID. The rear of the wall of the tubular portion 3 at the point where it is Within the skirt and within the throat 6 is also slightly flattened on its outer face as shown at H, for the purpose of permitting the hair to be guided into the throat 6 freely.

The shoulder 1, at its end opposite that adjacent the edge IQ of the skirt 5, terminates in an inclined wall I 2 forming a continuation of the outer wall of the tubular member 3, as clearly shown in Figures 3 and 5 of the drawings. This inclined wall l2 permits the hair to be freely fed through the throat 6 so that the shoulder '1 may pack the hair on the rod l in convolution, side by side, without rupturing, injuring or tearing the hair. At the junction of the wall 12 with the shoulder 7, there is an edge which I have designated by the numeral 13 which contacts with the hair in the winding operation to pack the hair on the shaft or rod. The schematic view illustrated in Figure 8 discloses clearly this principle. As the hair is fed through the throat 6, through the winding operation of this device on the shaft, this edge I 3, contacting with the hair will force the hair toward the locked end of the shaft and the shoulder I will pack the hair in convolutions about the shaft 1, side by side, in contra-distinction to any overlapping action that may be true with other winding devices. This is clearly illustrated in Figures 3 and 8 of the drawings.

The tubular member 3 is provided at diametrically opposite points thereon with integrally formed wings or the like M which form finger pieces whereby the device may be readily wound by hand on the shaft l. Due to the fact that there is liberal leverage offered to the wings i l, I have provided also for use, if desired, a separable handle member I 5 which cooperates with the wings M to actuate the winding device on the shaft or rod 1.

This handle member is tubular in design, adapted to fit over the end of the shaft I and is counter-bored at IE to receive therein the outer end of the tubular body 3 of the winding device. The one end which is counter-bored is also provided at diametrically opposite points therein with slots I 1 which loosely receive therein the wings M when the handle member is placed on the device in the position as shown in Figure 2 of the drawings. Obviously, this enables the winding device to be turned readily by the handle l5 and when the winding of the hair is completed on the shaft, the handle member may be removed, the winding device remaining in locked position on the shaft holding the hair in wound condition on said shaft.

Carried on the handle member l5 and projecting longitudinally therefrom at the end adjacent that receiving the winding element, is a projection l8. This projection, as clearly shown in Figure 3 of the drawings, extends over the upper end of the skirt 5 of the winding device adjacent the skirt 6 thereof, holding the hair back away from the opening through the throat, whereby when the handle'member is in use in actuating the winding device, the hair will be prevented from slipping from the throat as the hair is wound freely and readily on the shaft or rod I. Obviously, the use of a handle member as shown and described facilitates the operation of winding and increases the speed with which the hair may be wound on the curling rod.

The skirt 5 of the winding element is provided with spaced openings l9. These openings enable the steam to reach the portions of the wound hair which are retained within the skirt portion when the device with the winding element is placed in a heater. Furthermore, the provision of these openings in the skirt 5, which may be of any size or shape, reduces the weight of the winding element. It may be here stated that this winding element is preferably made of aluminum, but it may be constructed of any other desired material and I do not wish to be limited in this respect. An important feature of my invention resides in the formation of the device in the manner heretofore described so that the hair may be fed through the winding device in a direction longitudinally of the axis of said device and wound helically on the shaft or curling rod through the medium of the contacting edge l3 and shoulder 1 within the device which operates on a substantially horizontal plane, that is, the packing of the hair in a helix on the shaft occurring in a plane substantially at right angles to the plane at which the hair is fed through the winding element. By

'feeding the hair to the winding device from the upper end of the latter longitudinally of the axis thereof, and packing the same helically in the manner shown and described, all possibility of twisting the hair while it is being helically wound is eliminated and where there is no twisting, of course, the necessity for constantly combing-the hair as it is being wound is also eliminated. Thus, in the operation of my improved winding device, a material saving in time is efieoted over present known devices for winding or curling hair on a rod.

Heretofore, I have described the one wall of the skirt as being flattened as shown at 9. The purpose of flattening this wall at this point is to enable the hair immediately adjacent the locking head 2 to be given a complete revolution on the shaft l at the first turn of the winding element on said shaft. This flattened portion 9, when the winding device is brought in contact with the locking head, grasps the hair and with the turn of the winding element immediately gives the hair at that point its first turn, whereas without such a flattened portion, it has been found that a partial loss of curl occurs nearest to the scalp. Thus, through my improved construction, a wave in the hair is created at a point immediately adjacent the scalp and thus the permanent curl is made more efficient and more natural.

In Figures 9 to 11, inclusive, I have shown a slight modification of the invention, wherein there is disclosed a winder element in which the tubular body 20, constructed the same as the body member 3 in the previously described form, is provided with a tubular skirt-like extension '21, the walls of which are substantiallyparallel with the walls of the body 2%). The extension M has an offset portion 22 formed thereon which is arcuate in. cross section, eccentric with respect to the axis of the tubular member 20, the portion 22 iormingwith respect to the members 2% and 2!, a throat 23 into which the hair may be guided. This device is also provided with a shoulder l. terminating in the inclined wall l2,

similar to the construction shown in the preferred form previously described. The side edges of the skirt portion, while being spaced apart to provide the throat 23, are, as shown in Figure 9, in vertical alignment. The tubular portion or body 29 has its wall cut away and bevelled as shown at 24 at a point adjacent the inclined wall l2 and the eccentric portion22 of the skirt 2! has its upper edge notched as shown at 25 to cooperate with the portion 25. The notch 25 and the beveled cutout portion 24 afford means for the hairto be guided through the device freely without binding, as the hair is helically wound on the curling rod or shaft.

The same results may be accomplished with this form of the device illustrated in Figures 9 to 11, as will be accomplished through the medium of the preferred form, heretofore described.

In Figures 12 to 15, inclusive, I have shown a further modified form of the invention. In this form of the invention, the tubular body member 2b is provided similar to the body member 3 in the first described form, the same terminating in an integral lower skirt like portion N, the latter portion being somewhat conical in design. The tubular portion terminates in an inner arouate shoulder la, similar to the shoulder and l 3 the wall lZa is cut away and slightly bevelled as -as' shown at 29 at a point just below the cutout portion'28. Leading from the outer peripheral .edge of the skirt 2? is an oblique slot 39 which terminates in the cutout portion 28 and notch 29, as clearly shown in Figures 12 and 13 of the drawings. The slot 38 is increased inwidth adjacent its lower end and the one edge of the wall of the skirt ,2?! adjacent the end of the slot 3D is cut away and bevelled as shown at 3i. The opposite edge of the skirt at the slot 30 forms a means by which the hair is guided into the slot 39 which forms a throat for the hair and this hair is guided from the throat 35) into the notch and cutaway portions 29 and 28 previously described. Through this medium, the hair is caused to be fed through the device in a direction longitudinally thereof and is caused to be helically wound on the rod or shaftthrough the medium of the shoulder is in a manner the same as described in connection with the preferred form and the principle of which is'clearly illustrated in the schematic view, Figure 8.

In Figures 16 to 19, inclusive, I have shown a still further modified form of the invention which is very similar to that illustrated in Figures l2-to 15, with the exception that the slot forming the throat is substantially vertical whereas the slot or throat portion illustrated in Figures 12 to 15,

inclusive, is inclined or obliquely disposed. In

terminating-in the inclined wall 621). The throat is formed, as stated, by a slot 3 1 which is increased in width at its lower'end, the one edge of the slot being cut away and flattened as shown at 35. The opposite edge of the slot at the outermost point of the skirt naturally forms the means by which the hair is grasped and guided into the slot when the device is turned on the curling rod.

The slot or throat portion B l leads at its upper end to anotched portion 36 formed in the skirt and between the slot and thenotched portion 36 is provided an upstanding lug 3? which retains the hair in the notch when the device is being operated. The tubular portion 32 at its point immediately above the notch this also cut outthe inventioniust as in the other forms, permits the hair to be fed to the winder longitudinally but 1 the construction within the winder permits the hair to be wrapped helically on the rod or shaft in a plane substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the windeigas illustrated in Figure 8 of the drawings.

In Figures 20 to 23, inclusive, Ihave shown a still further modified form of the invention. In this form oi the invention, the tubular body 39 terminates in the somewhat conical skirt portion it, the latter being provided with a helical slot ii which terminates in a cutout portion 42 formed in the lower end of the tubular member as clearly shown in Figure 20. This form of the device also provided-with the internal arcuate'shoulder ic which leads to the inclined wall 12a. The lower end of the slot ti which forms the throat is increased in width and the one edge of the slot is cut away and flattened as shown at 43. The edge of the skirt opposite that formed at 43 provides the means whereby the hair is grasped at the locking head of the curling rod and caused to enter the spiral slot or throat 4 I. In this form of the device, it will be seen that the hair is likewise fed longitudinally to the winding device and caused to be helically wound on the curling rod from a plane at substantially right angles to the longitudinal axis of the winder, just as is true in the other forms previously described, and clearly illustrated in Figure 8.

It will be noted that a complete helix is formed in this device through the medium of the helical slot 4| and the notch or cutout portion 52. The entrance opening of the slot or throat 45 is in longitudinal alignment with the opening 42 and in the same side of the winding device as clearly illustrated in Figure 20.

In the various forms of the invention herein described and illustrated in the drawings, it will be seen that while different skirt formations are illustrated and different throat formations are provided in connection therewith, there is common to all forms the feeding of the hair to the winding device in a plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of said device and the wrapping of the hair on the curling rod in a helix through the medium of a shoulder which is arranged in a horizontal plane so that the hair is wrapped substantially at right angles to the feeding of the hair to said winding element. While the shoulder which is arranged on a horizontal plane within the winding device acts to pack the convolutions of hair on the curling rod, this shoulder also serves as a means for stretching the ends of the hair, forming ringlets therein, in the final operation. Whereas others have found difficulty in stretching the ends of the hair, my improved winding element positively stretches and curls the ends as described. It will be further seen that the use of my improved winding element lays the hair in convolutions side by side to form a helix on the curling rod, without twisting or overlapping the hair to any extent. By eliminating the overlapping of the hair and laying the convolutions side by side closely, a more equalized wave is obtained. A deep even wave is thus provided in the hair so wound.

From the foregoing description of the construction of my improved invention, the method of applying the same to use and its function will be readily understood and it will be seen that I have provided a. simple, inexpensive and efficient means for carrying out the objects of the invention.

While I have described the elements best adapted to perform the functions set forth, it is obvious that various changes in form, proportion and in the minor details of construction may be resorted to, without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the principles of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. In a hair winder, a cylindrical body adapted to be rotated about a mandrel and means thereon for guiding a lock of hair longitudinally of the mandrel substantially parallel thereto and coiling the hair about the mandrel as the winder is rotated.

2. In a hair winder, a cylindrical body adapted to be rotated about a mandrel, a skirt extending longitudinally of said body and having means for aiding in holding a lock of hair under tension and guiding a lock of hair towards the mandrel longitudinally thereof and forming the hair into a helical coil about a mandrel, and an abutment at the junction of the body and skirt for urging a coil of hair longitudinally of the mandrel and disposing its convolutions in contacting engagement with each other.

3. In a hair winder, a tubular body to fit snugly about a mandrel for rotation thereon, a skirt projecting from the inner end of said body concentric and having a portion free from the body and offset transversely of the body to form a lip overlapping the rear portion of the body and define a longitudinally extending hair receiving slot opening through ends of the skirt and extending forwardly beyond the rear end of the body, the rear end of said body defining a shoulder disposed at right angles to the bore of the body and extending circumferentially of the skirt within the skirt for approximately and adapted to pack convolutions of a coil of hair close to each other as a lock of hair is coiled about a mandrel by rotation of the winder, the portion of the body overlapped by said lip being beveled inwardly and intersecting ends of said shoulder.

4. In a hair winder, a tubular body to fit snugly about a mandrel for rotation and sliding movement longitudinally thereon, a skirt projecting from the inner end of said body and having a portion separate from the body and offset transversely of the body to form a longitudinally extending hair receiving slot opening through ends of the skirt and extending forwardly beyond the rear end of the body, whereby a lock of hair extending through the slot will be engaged by a side of the inner end portion of the body and directed into the skirt longitudinally of the winder substantially parallel to its axis before being coiled about a mandrel during rotation of the winder.

5. In a hair winder, a tubular body adapted to be rotated about a mandrel and having a cylindrical skirt projecting from its rear end with the rear end portion of the body extending into the front end of the skirt and its end edge defining a semi-annular shoulder extending partially about the circumference of the skirt, said skirt being of greater diameter than said body and formed with a longitudinally extending slot opening through the ends of the skirt and at its front end extending circumferentially of the body to provide the skirt with a free portion at one side of the slot defining a lip bordering the slot and spaced transversely from the rear portion of the body in overlapping relation thereto and cause a lock of hair engaged through the slot to be fed into the skirt longitudinally of the winder between the lip and body and formed into a helical coil about a mandrel within the skirt when the winder is rotated.

6. In a hair winder, a tubular body adapted to be rotated about a mandrel and having a cylindrical skirt projecting from its rear end with the rear end portion of the body extending into the front end of the skirt and defining an annular packing shoulder within the skirt extending circumferentially of the skirt in a plane at right angles to the bore of the body, said skirt being of greater diameter than said body and formed with a longitudinally extending slot opening through the ends of the skirt and at its front end extending circumferentially of the body to define a lip bordering the slot and spaced transversely from the rear portion of the body in overlapping relation thereto, the overlapped portion of said body and the portion of the skirt at the corresponding side of said slot being flattened to cause hair passed through the slot to be firmly gripped and held under tension and fed into the skirt substantially parallel to its axis when the winder is rotated about a mandrel and a lock of hair formed into a helical coil with its convolutions packed close to each other by pressure exerted by said shoulder.

7. In a hair winder, a tubular body to fit snugly about a mandrel, a skirt projecting from the rear end of said body and formed with a longitudinally extending hair receiving slot, and means to rotate said body and skirt having means associated therewith to retain a lock of hair in position to move through the slot during rotation.

8. In a hair winder, a tubular body to fit snugly about a mandrel, a skirt projecting from the rear end of said body and formed with a longitudinally extending hair receiving slot having its forward portion extending circumferentially of the body in radial spaced relation thereto, and means to cause a lock of hair to move through the forward portion of the slot longitudinally of the body into position to be wound about the mandrel when the winder is rotated to form a coil of hair about a mandrel within the skirt.

9. In a hair winder, a tubular body to fit snugly about a mandrel, a skirt projecting from the rear end of said body and formed with a longitudinally extending hair receiving slot having its forward portion extending circumferentially of the body, and means for imparting rotary motion to the body and skirt having a finger for extending across the forward portion of the slot and causing a lock of hair to pass inwardly through the forward portion of the slot longitudinally of the body when the winder is rotated to form a coil of hair about a mandrel within the skirt.

10. In a hair winder, a tubular body to fit snugly about a mandrel, a skirt projecting from the rear end of said body and formed with a longitudinally extending hair receiving slot having its forward portion extending circumferentially of the body, a turning sleeve slidable longitudinally into engagement with said body and when in place fitting about the body and projecting from the front end thereof, and a finger extending from the rear end of said sleeve to extend across the forward portion of the slot and causing a lock of hair to pass inwardly through the forward portion of the slot longitudinally of the body when the winder is rotated to form a coil of hair about a mandrel within the skirt.

11. In a hair winder, a tubular body to fit about a mandrel, a cylindrical skirt of greater diameter than said body extending from one end thereof concentric with the bore of the body, said body having a circumferentially extending shoulder at its inner end and one side of the inner end portion of the body being formed with an inclined face intersecting ends of said shoulder, said skirt being formed with a longitudinally extending slot and a lip at one, side of the slot having an'end portion overlapping the inclined face of the body to engage a lock of hair and guide the lock into the skirt longitudinally of the winder.

12. In a hair winder, a tubular body to fit about a mandrel, a cylindrical skirt extending from an end of said body with the end faced the body exposed within the skirt and defining a circumferentially extending abutment shoulder to pack hair coiled about the mandrel, said skirt being formed with a longitudinally extending slot and having a lip at one side of the slot extending beyond the inner end of the body in overlapping relation thereto to guide a lock of hair into the skirt longitudinally of the winder.

13. In a hair winder, a tubular body to fit about a mandrel, a cylindrical skirt extending from an end of said body with the inner end portion of the body extending into the skirt and having an exposed end face defining an abutment shoulder extending circumferentially of the skirt, the inner end portion of said body being bevelled at one side to form an inclined face intersecting ends of the shoulder, and said skirt being slit longitudinally and having a portion extending in spaced overlapping relation to the inclined face of the body.

14. In a hair winder, a tubular body to fit about a mandrel, a cylindrical skirt extending from an end of said body with the inner end portion of the body extending into the skirt and having an exposed end face defining an abutment shoulder extending circumferentially of the skirt, the inne-r end portion of said body being bevelled at one side'to form an inclined face intersecting ends of the shoulder, and said skirt being formed with a slit extending longitudinally thereof from its free end and partially about the body to form a free portion for the skirt at one side of the slit, the free portion of the skirt being sprung outwardly radially thereof to form a guiding lip at one side of the slit having its upper end portion overlapping the inclined face of the body in spaced relation thereto radially of the body.

WILLIAM HAMILTON COOPER. 

